SMPTE 2018: Black Level Visibility as a Function of Ambient Illumination

One of the key new attributes of HDR imaging and displays is the ability to present many stops of shadow detail, and with the best systems, a perceptually pure black. Displays perform at their best in a dark room as no ambient illumination impinges on the surface of the display, which would elevate the display's perceived black level. In addition, the viewer sees the most shadow detail when the region surrounding the display is also dark. In addition to applications where a display is viewed in a dark surround environment, there are also many viewing conditions where higher ambient light levels occur. Knowledgeable viewers prevent ambient illumination from reflecting from the display, but even for those viewers, surrounding luminance will be increased. To understand the impact of this surrounding ambient illumination on black level visibility and shadow detail, and to further guide ambient compensation algorithms, we performed a psychophysical study to assess the human visual system's ability to perceive detail when impacted by surround luminance. For the stimuli, we used a Gabor signal to probe the visual system's best capability. For the display, we used a Pulsar display with a large 1.0 neutral density filter placed over the display to enable black levels as low 0.0005 cd/m^2, relevant for OLED and cinema applications. The surround luminance levels ranged from fully dark up to 100 cd/m^ 2, and for each of these, shadow detail thresholds were measured as a function of display mean luminance levels from .001 to 400 cd/m^2. The results are useful for perceptual display performance assessment and tone-mapping applications, and PLUGE design. Further analysis found they are consistent with an existing surround effect visual model, which has basis in the cone photoreceptors. Read full paper at: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8609868

Presented By: Scott Daly, Robert Wanat

SMPTE (pronounced "simp-tee"), the organization whose standards work has supported a century of advances in entertainment technology and whose membership spans the globe, holds the SMPTE Annual Technical Conference & Exhibition in Los Angeles each October. The event is considered the world's premier forum for the exploration of media and entertainment technology. More information about this year’s upcoming event is available at www.smpte2018.org.

The people of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, or SMPTE, have sorted out the details of many significant advances in media and entertainment technology, from the introduction of "talkies" and color television to HD and UHD (4K, 8K) TV. Since its founding in 1916, SMPTE has received an Oscar® and multiple Emmy® Awards for its work in advancing moving-imagery engineering across the industry. SMPTE has developed thousands of standards, recommended practices, and engineering guidelines, more than 800 of which are currently in force today. SMPTE Time Code™ and the ubiquitous SMPTE Color Bars™ are just two examples of SMPTE's notable work. As it enters its second century, SMPTE is shaping the next generation of standards and providing education for the industry to ensure interoperability as the industry evolves further into IT- and IP-based workflows. Visit www.smpte.org for more information.

SMPTE's global membership today includes more than 7,000 members: motion-imaging executives, creatives, technologists, researchers, and students who volunteer their time and expertise to SMPTE's standards development and educational initiatives. A partnership with the Hollywood Professional Association (HPA) connects SMPTE and its membership with the businesses and individuals who support the creation and finishing of media content. Information on joining SMPTE is available at www.smpte.org/join. #SMPTE #TechConference #Illumination

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