Varnish - HTTP Accelerator Crash Course

Varnish is a reverse proxy web accelerator Written in C designed to improve HTTP performance by using server side caching.

In this video I’m going to go through how Varnish works, we will spin up a Varnish docker container and finally talk about the pros and cons of this tech.
Chapters
0:00 Intro
1:53 Classic HTTP Architecture
3:50 How Varnish Works
7:50 Demo HTTP
18:23 Demo HTTPS
28:43 Varnish Pros
39:26 Varnish Cons
Agenda

* Classic HTTP Architecture
* How Varnish Works?
* HTTP Setup - Varnish
* HTTPS Setup - Varnish with Caddy as TLS Terminator.
* Varnish Pros & Cons
* Summary

Pros
* Cache & prefetching documents
* Resolve DNS hostnames in documents 
* Rewrite scripts to optimize code
* Load Balancing 
* Backend Connection Pooling
* Varnish Modules (VMODS, e.g. rewrite headers) 
* Edge side includes (personalized dynamic page)
Cons
* Cache Invalidation
* Only works on unencrypted HTTP
* For HTTPS frontend, terminate TLS
* For HTTPS backend, no solution in Varnish open source
* Can’t cache POST requests (e.g. GraphQL queries)
* HTTP/2 backends won’t benefit
docker commands

docker run --name varnish -p 8080:80 varnish

docker cp default.vcl varnish:/etc/varnish
default.vcl

vcl 4.0;

backend default {
.host = "husseinmac";
.port = "2015";
}
Cards:
Connection Pooling 2:15 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GTeCtIoV2Tw
Layer 4 vs Layer 7 Load balancing 6:25 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aKMLgFVxZYk
GET vs POST 6:48 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K8HJ6DN23zI
Postgres NodeJS Chrome 8:23 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0JNq46eFuOM
Redis 46:13 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sVCZo5B8ghE
TLS Termination 49:35 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0bkLsUe3no


Resources
edge side includes
https://www.fastly.com/blog/using-esi-part-1-simple-edge-side-include
Cache invalidation varnish
https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2014/04/cache-invalidation-strategies-with-varnish-cache/
Varnish Doc
https://varnish-cache.org/docs/

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Stay Awesome,
Hussein

Видео Varnish - HTTP Accelerator Crash Course канала Hussein Nasser