9K38 Igla Russian Man Portable Air Defense Systems

The 9K38 Igla (Needle) is a Man-Portable Air Defense System (MANPADS) developed by Soviet Union in the 1970s. It succeeded the older Strela-3 with better range and seeker sensitivity. The system uses an 9M39 Surface-to-Air missile (SAM). It was adopted by the Soviet Army in 1981. This air defense system is known in the West as SA-18 Grouse. The Igla MANPADS can engage aircraft and helicopters.

Comparing with the Strela series, the Igla has increased warhead weight. Its infrared guidance system uses proportional convergence logic for target acquisition and movement prediction.

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