What is an Engine Misfire? | Causes, Symptoms & Troubleshooting of Engine Misfire in Hindi

The engine misfiring means that engine of the vehicle skips over one of the processes of its combustion cycle. This generally causes the engine to run rough, jerk, or buck. It also causes the engine to run inefficiently.

The engine is working in four steps:

1. Piston goes down, filling the cylinder with an air-fuel mixture from the intake
2. Piston goes up, compressing the air-fuel mixture to a high pressure

3. The ignition from the spark plug is igniting the air-fuel mixture and the explosion is pushing the piston down and rotating the crankshaft

4. The piston goes up, emptying the burned air-fuel mixture through the exhaust pipe.

A misfire occurs when ONE or more of these stages is wrong or missing

An overly lean or overly rich air-fuel mixture
Bad ignition spark / Wrong timing of the ignition spark
Low compression / Air-fuel mixture is leaking out
The timing of the inlet/outlet of the air-fuel mixture is wrong

Engine Misfire Symptoms

1. Rough Acceleration
When a misfire occurs, you may feel like a light or strong jerk coming from the engine. These misfires do often come under load from the engine, and you have the most load on the engine when you are accelerating on higher RPMs and higher gears. Rough acceleration is a typical sign of that your engine is misfiring.

2. Rough Idle
Sometimes, the engine will misfire on idle also; your engine sensors will get faulty values, and the air-fuel mixture will get messed up. This can cause a very uneven idle which can jump up and down and the engine may also shut off on idle.

3. Vibrations
A car engine is very balanced when manufactured, and often has balance axles and different tricks to get as few vibrations from it as possible. When one cylinder is not firing correctly, the engine will become unbalanced, and this can cause heavy vibrations inside your cabin on acceleration or at idle.

4. Check Engine Light
Modern cars have great monitoring for all the different car sensors on the engine. If one sensor has failed or if one sensor picks up that something is not quite right with the engine, it will send the information to the engine control unit. When the engine control unit receives the data, it will decide if the problem is serious or not. If the problem is occurring several times, the engine control unit will light up the check engine light, to notify you that something is not right so you can get it repaired.

5. Slow Acceleration
As we discussed before, misfires can cause the O2 sensors to receive faulty information and generate a mixture which is too rich or too lean. Overly lean or rich mixtures can cause lowered acceleration and even put your car into limp mode, which will cause the vehicle not to rev past 3500 rpm’s, and it will shut off the boost pressure from the turbocharger.

Common Engine Misfire Causes:

1. Bad Ignition Coil/distributor
The most common problem when it comes to misfires is the ignition coil. Some vehicles have a separate ignition coil on each spark plug, while some cars have one coil with a spark cable to each spark plug. Older cars have a distributor and in some cases also an ignition coil. If you have separated spark plugs, unplug each coil to see if you can find out if any cylinders are not responding. Replace if you find one faulty or have a trouble code stored for one ignition coil.

2. Bad Spark Plug
The second most common cause of a misfire is bad spark plugs. The spark plugs fire up up your cylinders, and they can get worn over time. Spark plugs are often very cheap and in most cases easy to replace. If you can’t remember the last time you replaced your spark plugs, it’s probably time to replace them.

3. Low Fuel Pressure
Low fuel pressure could be caused by a faulty fuel pressure regulator, a defective fuel pump or a clogged fuel filter. Low fuel pressure will cause a lean mixture in your engine which will result in misfires on all cylinders. If you have trouble codes for misfires on all cylinders, you will want to check your fuel pressure.

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