Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease [CKD]

Over 30 million people in the United States have a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease and 33% are at risk for CKD. That's one in three. That means when you are driving down the highway, one out of every three drivers that you pass is at risk for chronic kidney disease. And many of them don't even know it and that's because kidney disease is largely a silent disease. Today, I'm going to talk to you about the stages of CKD and what they actually mean for you. Keep watching.

This video is intended to be informational only. It is not a medical consultation, nor is it personalized medical advice. For medical advice, please consult your physician.

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I'm Dr. Frita. I'm a medical doctor who has been triple board certified in nephrology, internal medicine, and pediatrics. I am the founder of Midtown Atlanta Nephrology and a medical director for a nonprofit dialysis unit. Chronic kidney disease, CKD. Now, if you have been diagnosed with this, I'm sure that your doctor has talked to you about what stage you're in. You're in stage III, you're in stage IV, you're in stage V. What does that mean? Well, if you have CKD, that means that you have either kidney damage or a loss of kidney function that has been occurring for three or more months. The kidneys aren't working the way they should, and they haven't been for three or more months.

What exactly are the kidneys supposed to do? What are the kidneys? Where are the kidneys? Well, the kidneys are your two organs that are located in your lower back, in your flanks. They're located where the love handles are. And each kidney is about 9 to 11 centimeters long, and they are literally shaped like kidney beans, two kidney beans. The function of the kidneys is to filter out the blood and to get rid of excess poisons, excess toxins, excess salt, excess water. When the kidneys aren't filtering the way that they should, then you have some kidney damage. And if this kidney damage lasts for three or more months, you have CKD.

So as a nephrologist, what tests do I do to see if you actually have CKD? Well, one thing is that I test your urine and I test to see if you have blood in your urine or if you have protein albumin in your urine. So blood and albumin, this protein, are actually very large molecules. And when your kidneys are filtering properly, they should not allow blood and this protein to filter out and to get into your urine. So if I see that you have protein or blood in your urine that has come from the kidneys or through the kidneys, then I know that there is some damage to the kidneys. So when you hear your doctor say, "Oh, you have some protein in your urine," that could be an early sign that you have kidney damage, even if your lab work is normal.

Another early test to screen for CKD is in your blood work, the creatinine. So what is the creatinine? Creatinine is a waste product from muscle metabolism. And the way that creatinine is excreted from your body, the way you get rid of creatinine from your body is through your urine. So when the creatinine level in your blood is too high, we know that the kidneys are not functioning properly because they're not getting rid of the creatinine the way that they're supposed to.

There are five stages of chronic kidney disease.
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CKD Stage 1 Kidney Disease is the stage when the kidneys are at their best function and 5 is when the kidneys are functioning at their lowest capacity and where one may need a kidney transplant or dialysis. Stage 1 of CKD is when the GFR is 90 milliliters per minute or greater.

Stage 2 CKD is when the GFR is between 60 milliliters per minute and 89 milliliters per minute.

The next stage is stage 3 Chronic Kidney Disease [CKD], stage 3 chronic kidney disease. Now, this is actually the most common stage of kidney disease. And in stage 3, patients can actually start to develop some symptoms or some lab abnormalities to signify the effects of chronic kidney disease.

For stage 4 chronic kidney disease, the GFR is between 15 milliliters per minute and 29 milliliters per minute.

Finally, the last stage of CKD is stage 5, and you are in stage 5 CKD when your GFR is less than 15 milliliters per minute.

These are the five stages of chronic kidney disease.

Видео Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease [CKD] канала Dr. Frita