Postcolonial Concepts: Subaltern

Postcolonial Concepts: Subaltern
A term conceived by the Italian Marxist Antonio Gramsci, who because he was in prison and his writings subject to censorship used it as a codeword for any class of people (but especially peasants and workers) subject to the hegemony of another more powerful class. The term has been adopted by a group of Postcolonial Studies scholars, thus forming a sub-discipline within the field known as Subaltern Studies. The group was founded by South East Asian historian, Ranajit Guha and over time it has included such scholars as Homi Bhabha, Gayatri Spivak, Partha Chatterjee, and Dipesh Chakrabarty. Its aim, following Gramsci's precepts, is to examine the formation of subaltern classes in a variety of settings in South East Asia, but principally India and its near neighbours, with the aim of providing a kind of counter-history, to address the imbalances of ‘official’ histories, which tend to focus exclusively on the affairs of the state and the ruling class. (Source: https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100539334)

El Habib Louai "Retracing the concept of the subaltern from Gramsci to Spivak: Historical developments and new applications"
(Source: https://academicjournals.org/article/article1381909550_Louai.pdf)

Another article: https://postcolonial.net/2019/06/a-guide-to-subaltern-studies-critique-of-orientalism/

Gramsci. "The Prison Notebooks. (https://amzn.to/2R1yILS)

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