Should DNA Dictate Your Diet?

In a day when you can get everything ultra-personalized, does tailoring nutrition guidance to your DNA make you even healthier? Subscribe to Nourishable at https://www.youtube.com/c/Nourishable

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References
https://www.23andme.com/compare-dna-tests/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29025426
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29898881
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18779276
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24646652
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22998338
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20824172
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27524815
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26979548
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24439821
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28714965

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Generally we all need to eat more fruits and veggies, get more exercise and drink less soda. Good nutrition advice doesn’t change much over time and is pretty much the same for pretty much everyone. But advances in science now allow you to sequence your genome for under $100. Researchers are studying the interactions between genes and nutrition to determine whether your DNA should dictate your diet. In a day when you can get everything ultrapersonalized, does tailoring nutrition guidance to your DNA make you even healthier? Enter nutrigenetics, the science investigating how variations in your genes affect how your body uses nutrients.Phenylketonuria is a condition where a single gene is altered, preventing the break down of the amino acid phenylalanine. The impact of individual genes is rarely so extreme, in fact, usually it is quite subtle. Omega-3 fats in fish oil helps prevent cardiovascular disease, but to what degree it turns out depends on a person’s genetics. The FINGEN study looked into the ApoE gene - a gene that comes in 3 flavours, ApoE2, ApoE3 and ApoE4, with E4 being the rarest. The study showed that fish oil supplements lowered blood triglycerides in men with the rare ApoE4 variant way more than anyone else. Most health conditions are not caused by a single gene variant, rather, they’re multigenic, meaning many genes can influence risk. Your genetic risk is your unique combination of gene variants, with each variant playing a pretty subtle role. Nutrigenomics looks at the interactions between diet and all the genes in your whole genome. Does personalized diet advice actually lead to behavior change? The FOOD4ME study asked this question. Those who received personalized advice based on current diet ate healthier - however extra info on genes didn’t make a difference. Does personalized nutrition lead to better health and wellbeing in the long run? Dunno. So far there haven’t been any studies that large enough and long enough to know. Since there are still so many questions, professional organizations like the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics state that nutrigenetic testing is an emerging science that isn’t ready for routine practice. Personalized nutrition is shifting the focus to wellness. As technology develops, we’re trying to measure everything that matters, create algorithms to make sense of it, and translate it into sustainable behavior change. My take is that today, January 2020, you can get the best personalized nutrition advice by meeting with a dietitian, who can tailor diet advice to your health and lifestyle. I can certainly envision the future where health care integrates genomics for wellness, but today they just seem to be subtle tweaks to general nutrition advice. That’s what science tastes like.

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