Black Holes

Black holes fascinate people who just started learning about astronomy. This is my overview of the premiere Gee Whiz Bang Pow of outreach. Black Holes are the ultimate triumph of gravity over matter. The most mysterious objects in the cosmos, as they do not reveal their innards to any probe. This is part of my complete intro Astronomy class that I taught at Willam Paterson University and CUNY Hunter.

WHOOPS LIST:
1) Just after 43:00, I misstated that all the light of the universe would fall into a black hole. Of course, that's not true. I should have said: "As you get closer to the singularity falling straight in looking up, you see all the light of the history of the universe that crosses the event horizon of the black hole you're in." Remember that a black hole is a very small target, however, light does pass through the event horizon. If the universe were to live to, say, 100 quadrillion years, then all the light that would ever enter the black hole for all that time would be seen by you all in a moment.

Supplement the videos with "OpenStax Astronomy"
https://openstax.org/books/astronomy/pages/23-thinking-ahead
23: The Death of Stars

https://openstax.org/books/astronomy/pages/24-thinking-ahead
24: Black Holes and Curved Spacetime

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Michell
John Michell

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Schwarzschild
Karl Schwarzschild

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Robert_Oppenheimer
J. Robert Oppenheimer

http://cosmosfirma.blogspot.com/2016/09/mea-culpa-hartland-snyder.html
Hartland Snyder

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape_velocity
Escape Speed

http://www.weylmann.com/oppenheimer2.pdf
"On Continued Gravitational Contraction"

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_principle
Equivalence principle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzschild_metric
Schwarzschild metric

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzschild_geodesics
Satellites orbiting around a massive body

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Relativ/gratim.html
Gravitational Redshift

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_time_dilation
Gravitational time dilation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaghettification
Spaghettification

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_lens
Gravitational lensing

http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2003/01/image/
Hubble sees gravitationally lensed galaxies

http://jila.colorado.edu/~ajsh/insidebh/waterfall.html
Dr. Andrew Hamilton's website about black holes

https://arxiv.org/pdf/gr-qc/0411060.pdf
"The river model of black holes"

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_X-1
Cygnus X-1

http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2011/cygx1/
NASA's view of Cygnus X-1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_binary
X-ray binary

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_black_holes
List of known black holes

https://www.space.com/27692-science-of-interstellar-infographic.html
Interstellar and Gargantua

http://www.galacticcenter.astro.ucla.edu
Milky Way Supermassive Black Hole

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawking_radiation
Hawking radiation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_units
Converting mass to length

0:00 Introduction
0:31 John Michell in 1783
1:48 Pierre Simon de Laplace in 1796
2:11 Karl Schwarzschild
3:50 Oppenheimer and Snyder in 1939
4:48 Earth compared to a White Dwarf
5:57 The size scale of a Neutron Star
7:00 Gravity's Final Victory
8:39 Escape Speed Revisited
10:41 Escape Speed if you shrank the Earth
12:02 Black Hole: The Ultimate Extreme Object
12:54 Schwarzschild Radius
15:38 The size of a black hole the mass of the Sun Compared to the Kennedy Space Center
16:36 The Event Horizon
18:39 Gravity around Black Holes
29:18 Gravitational Redshift 10,000 km
31:29 Gravitational Time Dilation
34:37 Jack's View Falling into a Black Hole
36:24 Spaghettification
37:40 Gravitational Lensing
39:01 Earth orbiting a Biggish Black Hole
40:50 Spiraling into a Black Hole
42:22 Orbiting a Black Hole at the Speed of Light
42:48 Falling into a Black Hole and looking straight up
43:42 What's inside a black hole?
46:44 Measuring Spacetime Near Massive Objects
48:44 Measuring Spacetime Near not-so-Massive Objects The Schwarzschild Metric for Earth and Sun But if the gravity is weak, like near Earth, then...
52:03 The Conversion of Mass to Space?
55:58 X-Ray Binaries
56:59 Black Hole Candidates
57:55 Observational Evidence for Black Holes

Видео Black Holes канала Jason Kendall