The Search For Human Fossils In India: Challenges And Opportunities

The Indian subcontinent contains one of the richest and continuous records of hominin behaviour. This evidence is found in diverse palaeoecological settings and temporal contexts (particularly in India), reflecting the successful adaptive strategies of South Asian hominins during the Pleistocene. But, why aren’t there more fossils from India?
Parth Chauhan, research associate with US-based non-profit Stone Age Institute, and with the anthropology department at Indiana University, US say that in some regions presence of fossils depends on preservation conditions such as soil chemistry and erosion rates. In other regions, either enough systematic survey has not been done or potential hominid fossil material has been overlooked. In India, palaeoanthropology or study of human origins is also in a very neglected state, he says.
Developmental projects such as dams on the Narmada, mining and oil drilling activities, intensive agriculture and population pressure have taken a toll on fossil study. “Hundreds of paleoanthropological and stone age sites are getting destroyed across the subcontinent,” says Chauhan.India is definitely holding in more fossils than you can imagine but despite this significance, the subcontinent has received only marginal academic attention and, until recently, its behavioural record was not considered in general human evolutionary syntheses.
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