These weirdos are the sister group of Vertebrates

ECHINODERMATA Pt.1/2
Part one about the crinoids, urchins and sea cucumbers
Part two : https://youtu.be/xSyOywk_OwI?si=ohDavL6P_HRFM29-

Music by White Bat audio https://www.youtube.com/@WhiteBatAudio
Thumbnail : montage
Illustrations by Satoshi Kawasaki and Ceri Thomas
Icons next to names indicate the diet :
🦐 Plakton / Micro-organisms
🦠 Bacteria / Particules
🦴 Marine snow / Dead animals
🌱 Seaweed
💮 Coral / Recif animals
🪱 Invertebrates

The whole playlist : https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZFljdk_R2daQUpjwiAOvjlP8M0rt5a8H&si=UP7HO7RwgCpJ0k8M

Sources and more informations about the animals shown :
Etacystis - https://www.jstor.org/stable/1303556
Herpetogaster - https://burgess-shale.rom.on.ca/fossils/herpetogaster-collinsi/
Eldonia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eldonia
Discophyllum - http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=4608
Cyrtograptus - https://www.mindat.org/taxon-P33646.html
Dendrograptus - https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Dendrograptus-aff-hallianus-Prout-1851-GST14278-5_fig1_232940598
Acorn worm - https://www.britannica.com/animal/acorn-worm
Cothurnocystis - https://www.mindat.org/taxon-4877705.html
Sokkaejaecystis - https://www.mindat.org/taxon-P64822.html
Rhenocystis - https://www.mindat.org/taxon-P31213.html
Enoploura - https://www.mindat.org/taxon-P31197.html
Isorophus - https://www.mindat.org/taxon-P30777.html
Thresherodiscus - https://www.mindat.org/taxon-P30795.html
Pleurocystites - https://www.jstor.org/stable/1304959
Heckerites - https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Heckerites-multistellatus-Rozhnov-1987-general-view-reconstruction-The-figure-on-the_fig1_321853780
Amygdalocystites - https://www.jstor.org/stable/1305682
Caryocrinites - https://www.mindat.org/taxon-P306304.html
Ancyrocrinus - https://www.mindat.org/taxon-4873247.html
Cupressocrinites - https://www.jstor.org/stable/29739065
Balacrinus - https://www.mindat.org/taxon-3250030.html
Iocrinus - https://www.researchgate.net/figure/ocrinus-africanus-sp-nov-MGM-6754-from-the-Darriwilian-Middle-Ordovician-of_fig2_286376847
Petalocrinus - https://www.mindat.org/taxon-4873150.html
Scyphocrinus - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scyphocrinus
Ammonicrinus - http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=32474
Japanese sea lily - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacrinus_rotundus
Feather star - https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=246740
Blue sea cucumber - https://www.sealifebase.ca/summary/Actinopyga-caerulea.html
Black sea cucumber - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/holothuria-atra
Snot sea cucumber - https://australian.museum/learn/animals/sea-stars/snot-sea-cucumber/
Snake sea cucumber - https://churaumi.okinawa/sp/en/fishbook/00000021/
Elpidia glacialis - https://www.marinespecies.org/arms/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=124726
Sea pig - https://www.mbari.org/animal/sea-pig/
Jellyfish sea cucumber - https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/oct/03/discovered-in-the-deep-the-sea-cucumber-that-lives-a-jellyfish-life
Headless chicken monster - https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/22/world/australia/headless-chicken-monster.html
Slate pencil urchin - https://australian.museum/learn/animals/sea-stars/slate-pencil-urchin/
Eastern slate-pencil urchin - https://reeflifesurvey.com/species/phyllacanthus-parvispinus/
Long-spined urchin - https://australian.museum/learn/animals/sea-stars/invertebrates-collection-long-spined-sea-urchin/
Black sea urchin - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780128195703000226
Giant heart urchin - https://www.sealifebase.ca/summary/Plagiobrissus-grandis.html
Short-spinned urchin - https://bie.ala.org.au/species/https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/e80c7cec-4449-437a-b895-a0bec97da06d
Red sea urchin - https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414224
Purple sea urchin - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S016793090780086X
Green sea urchin - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lytechinus_variegatus

0:00 Introduction
0:30 Ambulacraria
1:05 Cambroernida
1:45 Eldoniidae
3:05 Hemichordata
5:05 Stylophora
7:25 Adrioasteroidea
8:25 Rhombifera
9:06 Paracrinoidea
10:10 Crinoidea
15:45 Holothuroidea
21:30 Echinoidea

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